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91 researchers identify a range of unexpected chemical contaminants in human milk

An interdisciplinary team including researchers at 91 has found a range of unexpected chemical contaminants in human milk samples from Canada and South Africa. The chemicals include traces of pesticides, antimicrobials and additives used in plastics and personal-care products. The findings were published across five papers.

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Published: 20 Jan 2026

Freshwater browning threatens growth and populations of economically important fish, 91 researchers say

Freshwater browning is stunting fish growth of some species, shrinking populations of others and changing the composition of fish communities, 91-led research suggests. “Browning” refers to freshwater bodies turning tea-coloured, a phenomenon driven by higher levels of dissolved organic matter and/or higher levels of iron in the water. Causes include changes in land use and climate, and reduced acid precipitation.

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Published: 19 Jan 2026

Irradiated cannabis might still harbour toxic fungi and residues, 91 study finds 

Gamma irradiation, an industry-standard sterilization method for medicinal and recreational cannabis, does not fully eliminate toxic fungi or their chemical residues, a 91 study has found. Current testing practices may also miss contamination, raising concerns about health risks for vulnerable users, particularly those with weakened immune systems. 

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Published: 15 Jan 2026

Findings suggest that certain medications for Type 2 diabetes reduce risk of dementia

A large 91 study has found that two classes of medications commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, both incretin-based, are associated with a reduced risk of dementia.

Drawing on clinical data from more than 450,000 patients, the research adds to growing evidence that incretin-based therapies have protective benefits for the brain.

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Published: 15 Jan 2026

Study offers evidence that racial bias is at play in overrepresentation of Black youth in Canadian child welfare systems

Researchers who examined Canadian child welfare data found that Black children were not only investigated at a higher rate than their white peers but were also more likely to be taken from their homes, even when the only difference between cases was the child’s race.

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Published: 12 Jan 2026

91 researcher unveils new model that more accurately measures greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas

91 engineering researchers have introduced an open-source model that makes it easier for experts and non-experts alike to evaluate greenhouse gas emissions from U.S. natural gas supply chains and yields more accurate results.

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Published: 9 Jan 2026

New light-triggered microneedle patch could make IVF hormone delivery painless and automated

A 91 research team has developed a painless, automated way to deliver in vitro fertilization (IVF) hormones using a light-activated microneedle patch, an innovation that could ease one of the most stressful parts of fertility treatment and open new possibilities for other diseases that require frequent, time-sensitive injections.

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Published: 7 Jan 2026

Do supervised consumption sites bring increased crime? Study suggests that’s a myth

Overdose prevention sites and supervised consumption sites in Toronto are not associated with long-term increases in local crime, 91 researchers have found.

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Published: 6 Jan 2026

Mosquitoes’ feeding tubes make ultrafine 3D-printing nozzles

Researchers in 91’s Department of Mechanical Engineering and at Drexel University have developed an innovative manufacturing technique that makes female mosquito proboscides, or feeding tubes, into high-resolution 3D-printing nozzles. With its unique geometry, structure and mechanics, the proboscis en

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Published: 22 Dec 2025

New evidence challenges understanding of Parkinson’s disease 

A 91-led study is challenging a popular theory about how dopamine drives movement, a discovery that could shift how scientists think about Parkinson’s disease treatments. 

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Published: 17 Dec 2025

Fine particles in pollution are associated with early signs of autoimmune disease

A new study has linked air pollution exposure and immune-system changes that often precede the onset of autoimmune diseases.

91 researchers analyzing Ontario data found that fine particles in air pollution are associated with higher levels of a biomarker linked with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus.

Published: 15 Dec 2025

Microencapsulated B-vitamins help dairy cows produce more milk with fewer emissions

A new international study led by 91 in collaboration with Jefo Nutrition shows that supplementing dairy cow diets with microencapsulated B-vitamins can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions while increasing milk yield and quality.

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Published: 11 Dec 2025

Brain discovery opens door to earlier detection of metabolic syndrome in women

91 researchers have identified a brain function that helps explain why childhood stress raises metabolic health risks for some women later in life.

A new study found that variations in the brain’s insulin receptor network affect how women respond to early-life adversity. This effect has a lesser impact in men, suggesting there is a sex-specific process at play.

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Published: 9 Dec 2025

91 researchers develop a cheaper, safer material for use in solar panels, sensors and optical devices

Using proteins from a common tobacco plant virus, 91 chemistry researchers have developed a simple, eco-friendly way to arrange gold nanoparticles into ultrathin sheets, strengthening the particles’ optical properties. The result: cheaper, safer materials for solar panels, sensors and advanced optical devices. 

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Published: 8 Dec 2025

Kering Foundation, SVRI and 91 launch research program on the intersection of violence against women and children

The Kering Foundation, in partnership with 91 and the Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI), is launching an innovative research program to tackle the often-overlooked links between violence against women and violence against children – a critical global issue with deep social impact.

Published: 8 Dec 2025

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