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Dr. Julien Riel-Salvatore, postdoctoral fellow, Dept of Anthropology, 91黑料网. The Uluzzian is a distinctive "transitional" industry found only in southern Italy and generally attributed to Neanderthals. I present recent research on the techno-economic strategies employed by Uluzzian foragers to address how they reacted to the climatic instability that characterized the interval during which a recent dating program has determined they first are documented archaeologically. This allows a discussion of the paleoenvironmental context of the Middle-Upper Paleolithic transition in Italy and the elaboration of a new scenario to explain the emergence of the Upper Paleolithic in Italy. By comparing Uluzzian behavioural strategies to those adopted by contemporary foragers using proto-Aurignacian and Mousterian technologies, I argue that the Uluzzian represents the manner in which hunter-gatherers adapted to the peculiar conditions of southern Italy during the last millennia of Oxygen Isotope Stage 3.