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This talk examines the linguistic and social correlates of the sociolinguistic factor of ethnicity in the Montreal French speech community. While numerous sociolinguistic studies over the last four decades have described the structure of the French of speakers of traditional 鈥淨u茅b茅cois鈥� ethnicity, little work has focused on the participation of other segments of the population in the variation present in Montreal French. Only recently has some research examined the the behavior of Anglo-Montrealers (cf. Blondeau et al. 2002; Blondeau 2008) and Spanish-speaking Montrealers (Friesner 2009a,b).

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This paper presents results of three studies focusing on speakers of various ethnic origins, and in particular on Spanish- and English-speakers, in an effort to define the individual factors that influence speakers鈥� associations with various ethnic groups, as well as the perceptibility of these associations. In the first study, described in Friesner (2009a), the realization of gutturals (/h/) in loanwords by Francophones and Hispanophones was examined. In the second, a perception-based study was conducted using sound samples of speakers of various ethnic origins (Friesner and Blondeau 2010; Blondeau and Friesner, to appear). In the third, representing ongoing work, speakers of Spanish-speaking origin have been examined in more detail, in order to determine the localness of their accent in French, as well as the degree to which they associate themselves with other ethnic groups, notably Anglophones and North Africans. Throughout, speakers鈥� linguistic behavior is compared to their life trajectories to investigate the explanatory force of individual factors. Together, these studies provide insight into the social factor of ethnicity as it applies to languages other than English, and point to the need for additional variationist work on ethnicity in the French Canadian context.